Geography Chapter 5 outline

I.            What are Natural Resources?

A.    Natural Resources

1.     things used that are found in the environment

2.    raw materials are resources that must be changed before they’re used

a.    trees, rocks……..

3.    3 Kinds of Resources

a.    recyclable – plastic, water cycle

b.    renewable- can be replaced like trees, vegetation…

c.    nonrenewable- cannot be replaced like oil, metal….

4.    Ancient Energy:  Fossil Fuel

a.    nonrenewable, created over millions of years from plants and animals

B.    A Special Resource:  Energy

1.     Energy Have’s and Have not’s

a.    energy is unevenly spread over earth

2.    growing needs….

a.    supply and demand

II.         How People Use the Land

A.    Stages of Resource Development

1.     first level activities

a.    people use land and resources directly to make products

1.     hunt, cut wood, mine, fish…

2.    second-level activities

a.    turn raw materials into things they use=manufacturing

1.     corn into cornflakes

3.    third-level activities

a.    products are distributed to people who want them

B.    Economic Patterns:

1.     Developed nations=countries with many industries and rely on commercial farming

2.    Developing nations = countries with few industries

3.  Developing Nations

a.  subsistence farming = farmers raise enough food and animals to feed own

families (lots of work)

b.  plantations = farm with may workers, only few people own and raise single

          crop for export

4.Challenges in Developing Nations due to rapid population

                             a.  disease, food shortages, unsafe water, poor education and helath services

and changing government

b.    rely on one or two crops

c.    foreign aid, gifts or help from developed nations

III.      People’s Effect on the Environment

A.    Danger to Land, Water, and Air

1.     ecosystem, place where living elements depend on one another

2.    Protecting Endangered Species

a.    laws passed (1973) Endangered Species Act

3.    Factories and Acid Rain

a.    acid rain is rain that carries dangerous chemicals

4.    Ozone Layer and UVRays

a.    ozone layer is the layer of gas in the uupper part of our atmosphere

5.    Global Warming

a.    a slow increase in the Earth’s temperature

b.    caused by gases like carbon dioxide released into air called greenhouse gases

c.    released when fossil fuels burn